Knowledge Base

Audio technology is full of terms and acronyms, no-one can be expected to know them all! We’ve compiled a knowledge-base of terminology here as a reference and supporting resource to our courses. If there’s a word or phrase you’re not sure of and can’t find here please don’t hesitate to reach out to us directly!

Automation

The use of digital or analog control to change audio levels or effects parameters over time....
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Bit Depth

The number of bits used to represent each audio sample....
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Brickwall Limiter

A limiter with a very high ratio and fast attack time to prevent any signal from exceeding the threshold....
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Bus Compression

Applying compression to the entire mix bus to glue the mix together....
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Clipping

Distortion that occurs when the amplitude of a signal exceeds the maximum limit of the recording or playback system....
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Compression

Reducing the dynamic range of a signal by amplifying quiet sounds and attenuating loud ones....
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Crossfade

A gradual transition from one audio clip to another....
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De-Esser

A tool used to reduce sibilance or harsh high-frequency sounds in vocal recordings....
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Delay

An audio effect that records an input signal to an audio storage medium and then plays it back after a period of time....
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Distortion

Unwanted alterations of an audio signal, often due to overdriving equipment....
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Dithering

Adding a low level of noise to an audio signal to mask quantisation errors....
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Dynamic Range

The difference between the quietest and loudest parts of an audio signal....
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Equalisation

The process of adjusting the balance between frequency components within an audio signal....
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Fade In

A gradual increase in volume at the beginning of an audio clip....
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Fade Out

A gradual decrease in volume at the end of an audio clip....
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FFT Analyser

A tool that displays the frequency content of an audio signal in real time....
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Gain Staging

The process of managing the levels of different audio signals to prevent distortion and ensure clarity....
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Harmonic Exciter

A device that enhances the harmonic content of an audio signal....
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Headphone Mix

A mix designed specifically for listening on headphones....
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Headroom

The amount of space left between the peak level of the audio signal and the maximum level the system can handle....
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High Shelf

An equaliser boost or cut applied to the high-frequency end of the spectrum....
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Limiter

A device that prevents audio signals from exceeding a certain threshold....
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Loudness

The perceived volume of an audio signal....
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Low Shelf

An equalizer boost or cut applied to the low-frequency end of the spectrum....
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Master Bus

The final output stage in an audio mixing console where all channels are combined....
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Metering

The visual display of audio levels....
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Mid/Side Processing

Processing that treats the mid and side components of a stereo signal separately....
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Mixdown

The process of creating a final stereo track from a multitrack recording....
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Mono Compatibility

Ensuring that a mix will sound good when played back in mono....
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Multiband Compression

A type of compression that applies different settings to different frequency bands....
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Noise Floor

The level of background noise present in an audio signal....
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Normalisation

Adjusting the volume of an audio signal to reach a target level....
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Parallel Compression

A technique where the compressed signal is mixed with the original signal to retain dynamics while controlling peaks....
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Peak Level

The highest level of an audio signal....
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Phase

The timing relationship between two or more signals....
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Reference Track

A professionally mixed and mastered track used as a benchmark....
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Reverb

The persistence of sound in a particular space after the original sound is removed....
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RMS Level

Root Mean Square level, a statistical measure of the magnitude of a varying audio signal....
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Sample Rate

The number of samples of audio carried per second....
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Saturation

A form of distortion that adds harmonics to an audio signal, creating warmth and color....
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Sidechain Compression

A compression technique where the compression of one signal is controlled by another signal....
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Stem Mastering

A mastering process where individual stems (submixes) are processed separately....
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Stereo Imaging

The perception of the spatial distribution of sound sources....
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Stereo Widening

Techniques used to make the stereo field of a mix sound wider....
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Stereo Width

The perceived width of a stereo signal....
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Sub Bass

The low-frequency range of an audio signal, typically below 60 Hz....
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Summing

The process of combining multiple audio signals into one....
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Track Spacer

A plugin used to create space in a mix by dynamically adjusting frequencies....
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Transient Shaping

A process that shapes the attack and decay characteristics of a sound....
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VU Meter

A meter that measures the perceived loudness of an audio signal....
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